An estimated 1.25 million people in the UK have an eating disorder according to the UK charity BEAT; Binge eating is one of them.
What exactly is binge eating? Something that I used to struggle with was thinking that eating past fullness meant that I had binged. But the reality is that it’s perfectly normal to overeat at times. Everybody does it! We’ve all had holidays, birthdays, celebrations, social events and chilled movie nights, where we’ve eaten more than our fair share.
But binge eating disorder is much more extreme in nature than basic overeating:
- The quantity of food consumed and frequency of episodes is much greater.
- There’s a feeling of a loss of control
- The food is consumed at a much more rapid pace
- The food is often eaten in secrecy
- There are feelings of guilt and shame in the aftermath.
- There tends to be compensatory behaviours taken afterwards. For example, excessive calorie restriction, over-exercise and purging.
- It has significant physical, emotional, and psychological consequences
Being a Personal Trainer and someone who takes a lot of pride (probably too much!) in how I look, little did I know that I was significantly increasing my risk factor for developing an eating disorder. I was far too preoccupied with how I looked and I placed way too much of my self-worth on it.
But luckily for me, I was able to realise what was going on before things became too serious. What had started out as my innocent fitness journey to look and feel better, very nearly slipped into something much more sinister. And this is something that I see happening with a lot of other people too. So many people are unintentionally dabbling and engaging in harmful practices around food. Awareness is key and that’s why we are going to look at the most common causes of binge eating disorder now.
Common causes of binge eating disorder
You’re not eating enough calories per day and excessive food restriction:
Calories provide the energy that your body needs to function. When you don’t eat enough of them, your brain will try to get you to eat more. When you do not eat enough calories per day, your body thinks that it is starving and the easiest way to compensate for this is by binge eating and consuming a large volume of food to make up for all of the calories missed out on.
From my personal experience as a Personal Trainer, I see this all too often; People who develop unrealistic body standards for themselves due to what they see on social media. People are increasingly concerned about how they look and as a result, “quick-fix” diets have become all too common unfortunately. These diets aren’t sustainable for more than a few weeks and they often result in binge eating.
I’ve been guilty of this too! In the past I have had episodes of binge eating in response to following a diet that was too restrictive. That’s why I now take a much more sustainable and patient approach and have moved completely away from modern diet culture.
You’re not managing your stress and emotions:
Binge eating provides a temporary quick fix for unmanaged stress and emotions. Stress, sadness, loneliness, guilt, boredom and negative emotions from a traumatic experience are amongst the most common ones that can lead to binge eating.
Over the years I have learned that the key is to better manage your stress and emotions in ways that don’t involve food. On a personal level, I make sure to ring fence at least 1 or 2 hours everyday to do stuff that I enjoy. For me, this usually involves putting my feet up and watching some TV. When I take the time to manage my stress levels and emotions I feel better in myself. And when I feel better in myself, the urge to turn to food declines massively.
I won’t lie to you, being proactive can be hard because you won’t get the same instant relief that food can give you. But I truly believe that proactively managing your emotions is one of the best things that a person can do to avoid binge eating because it can stop you from getting the urge in the first place. It’s a more reliable strategy than getting the urge to binge and then having to always rely on willpower and discipline to say “no”.
Food labelling, forbidden foods and guilt:
Feeling guilty around certain food happens when you label foods as either “good” or “bad”. This is something that I’ve struggled with personally in the past – Always thinking that I need to be eating the healthiest, cleanest and lowest calorie option.
When I veered off plan and ate certain foods that I had labelled as bad, I felt guilty in myself. And once you start to feel guilty, it’s very tempting to turn to food.
This is something that I’ve noticed with my clients too. I can remember a client saying: “What’s the point? I feel worthless after eating my banned foods, so I just keep on going and I can’t stop.”
What I’ve now come to realise is that no single food can make your overall diet either healthy or unhealthy. A balanced diet as a place for all foods in moderation.
Having a perfectionist mindset
Perfectionism and the “all-or-nothing” mindset are common thinking traps and cognitive distortions amongst people who suffer from binge eating disorder.
Personally speaking, I have struggled with having a perfectionist mindset in the past. There have been times where I slipped up even slightly on my plan and instead of accepting that I didn’t need to be perfect to make progress, I would completely throw in the towel and refuse to continue to put in any effort at all with my diet. I would rationalise my thoughts by telling myself “I’ve already messed up, so I might as well keep on eating now and I’ll start again tomorrow.”
Body image issues
When we are bombarded with images of perfect bodies online and how we should look, it’s easy to see why body image issues have become such a common phenomenon in modern society.
I once had a client tell me “I am already unhappy with how I look, so what difference does it make if I overeat now?”.
I’m no exception either! Even personal trainers have body image concerns. I think it’s just a fact of modern life that we are all probably insecure about some aspect of our physical appearance. For me, it was always telling myself “I’m not as lean and ripped as that coach that I see online”. When in reality this was completely irrelevant because my clients just wanted to look and feel a little bit better and to be able to play with their kids without being out of breath! They weren’t after ripped and chiselled look, in fact, most of them thought it was gross! Why am I saying all of this? Because I know first hand that social media can really mess with your perception of reality. You can end up caring about things that nobody else even notices.
Here are some action points that you can take right now to help:
- Keep on educating yourself and increasing your awareness about binge eating disorder.
- Find out how many calories you need to eat per day and don’t drop your calories more than 20% below this number. There’s a lot of online calculators like this one that can provide you with a relatively accurate estimate.
- Stop labelling it as “good” and “bad”.
- Find ways to better manage your stress and emotions that don’t involve food
- Ditch the perfectionist mindset. Be less perfect, but be consistent with it.
- Be more conscious about the content that you’re consuming online and the impact that it might be having on your body image.
By educating yourself on the causes of binge eating disorder, you now know what to look out for and you’re massively reducing your risk factor for ever developing it.
And for those of you out there who feel that you might already have binge eating disorder, it’s not too late. Please tell your loved ones and seek professional help. Dealing with binge eating disorder isn’t easy, but it’s more than possible.